Cultivator



4 sheets-sheet l R. KIESSWETTER GULTIVATOR Filed'Jan. 6, 1925 Awww Maf, 13, 1923.

Mar. 13, `1923.

R. KIESSWETTER CULTIVATOR 4 'sheets-sheet 2 Filed Jan. 6., 1925 Mar. 13, 1923.

' R. KIESSWETTER CULTIVATQR Filed Jan. 6, 1925 4 sheets-Sheet 4 CHT Patented Mara i3, 1923 OFF! i ROBERT KIESSWETTER, OE KONIGSBERG, GERMANY.

CULTIVATOR.

Application led January 6, 1923. Serial No. 611,095.

To all 'whom t may concern: j

Be it known that I, ROBERT Kinsswnrrnii, a citizen of German Republic, residing at Konigsberg, i/Pi., Germany, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Cultivatoi's, of which the following is aV specification.

My invention relates to cultivators `and more especially to a cultivator provided with a revolving drum carrying movable spades, milling cutteis or the like, which revolves in the direction of the driving wheels.

In cultivators of this type as hitherto used the spade or milling cutter drums must be rotated at comparatively high speed whichentails certain difficulties in adapting the drum to the unevenness of the ground. In disc-plough cultivators it has already been proposedto connect the driving shaft with the motor car by means of av Cardanjoint transmission. However, this is possible only in very light machines operating with disc-ploughs, but in cultivators provided with spades or milling cutters, a power transmission of this kind cannot be used, and a special kind of drive must be devised for the drum, which allowsthe shaft carrying the drum, or the drum itself to be operated reliably in every position.

This is attained in accordance with the present invention by connecting the drum with the cultivator frame by a universal joint arranged at the front of the drum. The drum is rotated by means of a shaft eX- tending through the hollow hub of the driving wheels, by bevel-wheels and articulated shafts, whereby not only the connection of the drum with the motor car becomes such that, with the aid of the joint, the drum can adapt itself to every unevenness of the ground, but also the driving gear is apt to adjust itself correspondingly so that the drum or the shaft carrying it can always be driven uniformly and reliably.

This novel arrangement and combination of parts renders it possible to considerably increase the weight of the drum, or of the digging tools` connected therewith, which is necessary in order to utilize the kinetic energy resulting in the comparatively quick rotary motion of the drum as an auxiliary force for the efficiency and output of the cultivator. To attain the desired effect without an excessive increase of the total weight of the drinn, the centrifugal force is,

according to another feature of my invenincreasing the weight, serves tion, increased by making the lspades them-V y.

selves, as well as the parts carrying them, as strong` and heavy as possible. The same. applies to the handles of the spades and to the shaft, the intention being also, with respect to these members, to increase the weight and to have the main weight situated at the periphery of the drum. The same effect may, however, be attained byf providing, according to the invention, special devices for adjusting and `for fastening they` spades and by employing spades of suitable shape and configuration. c

T e spades are adjusted by means of de,- vices which render it possible to adjust the several rows of spades with respect to eachy other, such devices being arranged upon the shafts carrying the spades and, therefore, increasing the weight in the manner desired. The spades themselves are detachably se# cured to the handles andare preferably provided with a lateral blade which, besides for cutting into the soil at the side.

A heavy spade has a natural tendency to j penetrate deeper into .the soil so that on striking a stone or soine other obstacle the spade or some other part might be damaged or even destroyed. This is obviated by a special safety device attached to the handles of the spades, such device further increasing the weight at the peripheryl of the-drum.

In the drawings aiHXed to this specification and forming part thereof'a cultivator embodying my invention is illustrateddia grammatically by way of example. drawings Figure l is a side elevation and Figure 2 is a plan of the cultivator Figure 3 is a side-view of the spade drinn, drawn vto a larger scale, and j Figure 4 is asimilar view ofl the device for simultaneously adjusting all the spades.

Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are details showing the means for adjusting each` row of spades independently of the others.

Figure 9 is a front elevation of the lower broadened end of a spade handle.

Figure 10 is a like view of the spade fixed to the handle, and

Figure 1l is a corresponding side eleva-l tion.

Figure l2 is a section on the line 12--12,'y

and j Figure 13'is a section on the line 13-13 in Figure 10.

In: the

ioor

Referring to the drawings, the car frame is supported at its forward end* on a steering wheelA 2 and at its rear end on driving wheels 3. rlhe steering wheel. carries a di,- rection indicator 4L. lis/lotion istransmitted from the motor 5 by means of a coupling (not shown) to an encased reversing gear 6, byV means of which the shaft 7 may be rotated in one or the other direction. The shaft 7 carriesy a cog-wheel 8 meshing with a largerv cog-wheel 9 fixed on shaft l0 located below shaft 7. The shaft l0 carries near its ends chain-wheels 1l connectedby chains with chain-wheels l2 secured to the hollow hub of the driving wheels 3 whereby these wheels can be turned in one ortho other direction. Shaft T carries besides the cogwheel 3 a chain-wheel i3 connected by a chain with a chain-wheel` lll; fixed on a shaftfl) e1;- tending. through the hollow hub of the driving-wheels 3 and having bevel-wheels 'i6 cured to its ends. These wheels mesh with bevel-wheels 17A secured to articulated shafts 18. which turn the spade drum 2O by means of a bevel-wheel gearing 19. The drum 2O is shown in detailin Figure 3 and will be fully described hereafter.'

`The spade dr,um-2(l,r or rather thek frame carrying it, is supported by two lateral guide bars 22 and by a universal joint as well as by a rope 24 suspended from a crane 25 so that the drum can be lifted into its position of rest by pullingthe rope 24k and may be lowered into operative position bylowering said. rope. The bars22 merely serve as guides and as safety members.l whereas the spade drum, owing to the provision of the universal. joint 23 can adapt itself during working to the unevennesses of the ground in the longitudinal direction ofthe machine, as well as transversely'thereto.

To secure the spade drum in raisediposi- .tion there are provi-ded on the lcarhinges 26 which are-closed or connected when thc drum is lifted into its upper position (Figures 1 and 2) which is the position of rest, these hinges serving the purpose of preventring oscillations of the drum while the car 'is moving.

rPhe bevel-wheel and cog-wheel gearings are preferably encased to prevent their being clogged by earth and dirt.

The spade drum is made of boiler plate and is secured to a shaft 27 extending across the frame. The plates 28 are apertured in order to reduce their weight and carry shafts 29 to whichthe spa-des .30 are attachedby means of. their handles 47. These latterare made as strong and heavy as possible, and the shafts29 are also made as strong as possible so that the most of the weight lies at the periphery, as intended. In consequence thereof not only the power transmittedI by the shaft is utilized directly thereby, but also the other forces arising in consequence intente of the comparatively quick rotation of the drum Aare utilized for increasing the efficiency of the device.

rIhe shafts 29 are preferably supported also in the middle of the drum by a rim 211 (Fig. 2) with staggered arms allowing the blades to be positioned, if desired, in stag- `gered arrangement and to work the soil underneath the rim.

The shafts 29 are controlled in a well known manner in such a way that the spades are pushedinto the soil always in the same position, that is to say, with the same incliA nation with respect to the horizontal. This is effected with the aid of an eccentric control, arms 31 connecting the shafts 29 with connecting rods 32 engaging an eccentric ring 33 which surrounds an eccentric 34 carried by the shaft 27, but not rotating withit. Owing to the ring 33 being compelled to roll onk the eccentric 34, the, shafts 29 areA moved by means of the members 33. and 3l. in such a manner that the'spades 30 assume, ina certain definite succession, the various positions shown in Figure 3, as is well known in the art.

The spades can be adjusted simultaneously in one or the other direction by turning the eccentric 34. Thisis effected by means of a worm 35 arranged on the frame as near as possible to the spade drum, and engaginga toothed segment 36, the spindle of which hasaffixed to it asmall lever 37 connected by a .link 38 with the eccentric. According to the direction of rotation of the worm 35 thering 33 is adjusted in one or the other directionby means of the shifting ofthe eccentric through the segment 36,.the lever 37 and the link 38. In either case, the position of the eccentric is changed and allthe spades are adjusted atthe Sametime, irrespective of whether themachineis at rest or in operation. The eccentric can be ladjusted with theaid of; the guide. slots shown in Figures 3 and t.

The positionk ofthe. several rows of blades relatively to each other is changed with: the aid of wedges 4t2 (Figs. 5 and 6) connecting the arm 3l with the respective spade handle `29 and co-operatingfe-ach with one or another of a plurality of grooves provided .in the hub of the varm 3l, the arrangement, being such that theV wedges can bewithdrawn from a groove` and the .shaft can beturned as desired with respect to the arm. 31 until i the grooves of the twov parts againrcoincide whereafter-the wedges are re-inserted in; order to re-establish the connection. z"Edsecure the wedges iny position. a, disc. 41 isarranged in front thereof and Xe-dloy a. screw 40. The wedges may extendthrough said disc which may be provided with SlQsfor this purpose, the arrangement being A such` that the projecting heads of the wedges are applied from outside to the slotted disc 4tends at right angles thereto; it penetrates which' on being turned a little Will carry the.l

wedges along'With it as they have been loosened by means of a pressure screw 'or the" like. v l In themodifica'tion illustrated' in Figures 7 and 8, the Wedges 42'arefix'ed toftliesleeveA 43, or'made integral therevvith,l so that Ain. order to alterthe position of the spade With respect to the arm, i. e. to rdisconnect the parts concerned and to connectthem againy after their "relative position has been changed, the sleeve 43 must be Withdrawn, the parts 3l and 29 turned relatively to each other and the sleeve be re-inserted and secured in its ,new position by suitable means.y

The spades 30 attached to the drum consist of a plate 44l (Figs. 10 and l1), the lovver portion of which is oblique and provided with a cutting edge. At one side of the blade there is formed a plate-shaped pro-` jection 45, the vertical edge 46 of which also forms an oblique cutting edge, similar to that of the blade proper. rThe lovvermost portion of the plate 45 projects beyond the lowermost portion of the blade 44 and `exinto the the soil prior to the blade and cuts off a strip of earth Which is turned round by the blade so as to fall back in inverted position upon the soil previously treated and turned in the same manner.

The blade or plate 44 isiixed to the handle or stem 47 in such a. manner that the entire pressure exerted upon the blade is taken up by the handle. The handle is, for this purpose, preferably provided With an -.en larged portion 48 at its lovver end and Which is recessed at the front side to such an eX- tent that the blade When being attached to the stem has its upper fastening fork in contact with a projection 49 of the handle. The enlargement 48 of thehandle has recesses 50 into Whichft lugs 51 provided on the blade. The lugs 51 .are integral With the blade and bent round so as to form lateral angular members thereof. Afterl the blade has been placed against the enlarged end 48 of the handle, it is secured thereto by simply driving Wire pins through said lugs 5l, as Well as through bores provided in the body portion of thel enlarged end 48. The Wire pins 52 may have any desired shape as they are not subjected to any pressure Whatever. To assist them in supportingy the plate 45, a small projection 53 is provided at the enlarged portion 48 of the blade handle (Fig. 13). The projection 53 is curved in correspondence to the curvature of the plate 45 and acts upon the latter just at its curve, as shown in F ig. 13. To exchange a Worn-off or damaged blade, all that is necessary is to remove the respective Wire pins 52 which may have eyes to facilitate yvvithdrawing them. Thereafter another blade is attached to the handle and secured in po` Simon' bywif@ pinggfgrh pinxcaant Stick Ivvish it tojbe understood that I dofnot"l desire'to be llimited to the exact detailsfofl construction shovvnA and ldescribed;for 'obl' vious modiications skilled in the art. .j

Ifcleinirf i l s Tcu'ltivator comprising a frame,v"a

rotary drumiinounted' thereon, shaftsy cars,y ried lby said .drum near-its periphery and provided with soil 'Working tool,s,farms se. cured to;lv said shafts, a ring connectedl to said arms to rotate With said drum, and a relatively stationary veccentric cooperating With said ring. n j

2. A cultivator comprising a frame, a rotary drum mounted thereon', shafts carried by said drum near its periphery and provided vvith soil Working tools, arms secured to said shafts, a ring connected to said arms to rotate with said drum, a relatively stationary eccentric cooperating with said ring, and means for adjusting said eccentric in its relation to said ring.

3. A cultivatorcomprisinga frame, a rotary drum mountedv thereon, shafts carried by said drumnear its periphery and provided With soil Working tools, armssecured to said shafts, a ring connected to said arms vvill occur? to 1a; person,"`

to rotate Withl said drum, a relatively stationary eccentric cooperating with said ring, an adjusting lever mounted upon the frame, a link extending therefrom to said eccentric,

and means for actuating said lever.

j 4. A cultivator comprising a frame, a

rotary drum mounted thereon, shafts-carried by.y said drum near its periphery and provided with soil Working tools, arms `se,- cured -t'o said shafts, a ring connected. to said arms to rotate With said drum, a relatively stationary eccentric cooperating With said ring, an adjusting lever mounted upon the frame, a link extending therefrom to said eccentric, and means for actuating said lever comprising a rotatable Worm and cooperating segment vupon thev 'axis' of saidv lever.V 7 f '5. A cultivator comprising a frame, a rotary drum mountedthereon, shafts carried by said drum adjacent its periphery, means for oscillating said shafts during the rodrum, and soil Worki taryv-ld1uin,

stein portion inountedfupon said` druinlend 7. A cultivator comprising akfranie; aA rotary 'druni'asoilWorkingtool' having its stem portion, mounted upon; sadgdrurn, andv its free endettened and.providedV with recesses '.at, opposite ,sides a. tool blade haying lugs `adapted ,to enter said recesses, und

ineens ,for e seeuring f sind 'bhtde ,upon said flattened portion.

8. A cultivzitor comprising a ranie a.l ron soil `w\f',.oi;king toolk ,ha-,ving `its its reeendiiattened' `and providedivith recesses it,oppositesidegl a` tool blade having lugs adapted to enter said recesses, and

4niezins 'for securing said blade upon seid *f Liliane@ 9. A cuitivator comprising a frame, .e-

driving shaft mounted therein, a, drinn compri5mgY` Opposite yheads secured to said heads and ,provided with cran-k @ringen actuating eccentric looseiy mounted uponthel driving shaft, ineens upon the freine for retaining `said eccentric against rotation,

and. connections from said crankarrns to" said eccentric. In testimony whereof' I affix my signature.

ROBERT KIESSWETTER.

mounted ,in said l 

